Whether in industry, environmental protection, or food and medicine industries, the separation of solid-liquid mixtures has a wide range of applications. In this article, we will introduce how a decanter centrifuge achieves solid-liquid separation.
Due to its wide range of uses, the decanter centrifuge has high solid-liquid separation efficiency and environmental protection characteristics. Therefore, it is also the most important piece of equipment currently used in the solid-liquid mixture separation industry.
Decanter centrifuge is usually equipped with high-speed drums, screw conveyors, and differentials. The screw conveyor has the same rotation as the drum and hollow shaft, but its speed is slightly lower than that of the drum.
After a brief understanding of the decanter centrifuge structure, we can quickly think of the working principle of the decanter centrifuge to achieve solid-liquid mixture separation.
Yes, it generates centrifugal force through the high-speed rotation. Then use the quality difference between the two different substances to achieve the solid-liquid sedimentation separation.
Solid-Liquid Separation Principle of Decanter Centrifuge
Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the main body, the solid particles with larger specific gravity are deposited on the inner wall of the drum, and the spiral blades moving relative to the drum continuously scrape the solid particles deposited on the inner wall of the drum and push them out, the clear liquid after separated flows out of the drum through the opening of the weir plate. In addition, before the drum, a cone section is designed for better separation work.
What Factors Can Affect Separating Solids from Liquids of The Decanter Centrifuge?
1. Feeding Temperature
Feeding temperature, which is the temperature of the slurry, will affect the viscosity of feeding liquid, and these two are in an inverse relationship. Therefore, for a horizontal decanter centrifuge that requires a good solid phase dryness, the higher temperature of slurry, the lower viscosity of the material, which makes better separation. However, please be noted that the temperature should not be as high as possible, too high temperature can cause some problems of machine.
2. Feeding Speed
Feeding speed is related to the feed volume. If the feed volume is too large, the separation effect of the decanter centrifuge will be deteriorated. The main reason is that the effective residence time of feeding slurry in the drum is too short, so that there is no enough time to settle down. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure sufficient residence time of feeding slurry for a good separation. So, in order to separate solids from liquids, the feeding speed must be controlled reasonable and appropriate.
3. Abnormal Process Conditions
Abnormal process conditions mainly refer to insufficient crystal content in the feeding slurry or non-crystallized crystals, which makes it appear flocculent. As a result, it Will greatly affect the separation of decanter centrifuge.
We can see from here that separating solids from liquids is a complex process, it needs close cooperation from inner components of decanter centrifuge. We also should avoid the above points, which can influence the separation effect, to make sure having the best separation of decanter centrifuge.
